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Grammar · Verbs

ました and ませんでした, the past

The pattern

[Verb stem] mashita / masen deshita

ました is the polite past, ませんでした its negative. Both attach to the same stem as ます.

The mistake to avoid

There is no separate perfect tense. ました covers 'ate', 'have eaten' and 'did eat'.

Examples

Rōmaji help
tabemashita.
I ate.
ikimasen deshita.
I didn't go.
kinō eiga o mimashita.
I watched a film yesterday.
asagohan o tabemasen deshita.
I didn't eat breakfast.